History

1. GENERAL HISTORY:

The history of Agarwood is known through Agarwood, a valuable product from centuries by civilizations in Asia, Egypt and the Middle East. Agarwood is a type of incense making material originating from Southeast Asia and India. Agarwood is the most precious wood ranked among ancient civilizations.

Through the fact that there are many products on the market with similar benefits, it is necessary to clarify between Agarwood and Agarwood.

Agarwood is a tree that gives agarwood from the early times. Agarwood reserves are limited and many new species of Agarwood appear in development history. Many products are made from Agarwood, so it is necessary to clearly identify the source of the Agarwood extract line, but this is not easy.

Throughout history, only powerful kings and wealthy people have been able to use Agarwood and until now products from Agarwood have been widely used. Since Agarwood products are very expensive, they are only used as gifts and show that the beneficiaries are powerful and wealthy.

2. FAMOUS IN KOREA:

There are many reasons why Koreans do not know Agarwood. First, very little Agarwood brought from Japan and China originated from Southeast Asia. Second, the market price is very expensive and can only be used by kings. Not even rich people can buy and use, except with the permission of the King.

(1) Samuk Sagi (in "History of the Three Kings"):
Silla King Hyun-Duk (919 AD): King Silla King Hyun-Duk (919 AD) was the first king to import a lot of Agarwood in terms of use and prohibit everyone from using it, even with the upper class. save rich.

(2) Koryo Sa (in "History of the Koryo Dynasty"):
* As medicine: King Kyryo King Mun Jeng uses Agarwood to make medicine. This king suffered from rheumatism due to old age and he was treated by many physicians in Kyryo. However, health is getting weaker and weaker due to not using the right medicine. Until one day's resting day, the King asked the Chinese Emperor Song about medicinal herbs. Emperor Song then sent one of his healers, bringing with him hundreds of different medicinal herbs to cure 88 different diseases. In the medicinal mixture, Agarwood is the top medicine on the list and has cured the King (book 9).
* Used as a gift: Agarwood was used as a gift when King Sing and Jin were spending hundreds of years in the war. King Song sends gifts to Kyryo to stop the war, and he orders the envoy Delong Hsu to send Agarwood contained in a silver box and a gold box.
* Carvings: King I-Wu orders sculptors to use Agarwood to carve a statue of Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva (God Merey) (volume 17).

(3) Choson Sirok (in "History of the Choson Dynasty"):
* Medicinal herbs: King Sejong (1431 AD) discusses with his courtiers the importance of keeping the supply of medicinal herbs secret. The king said that Cacrin and Cinnabar are the top herbs, but these two are only available in China, but Agarwood is also more difficult to find in China. Historically, Japanese merchants often came to sell Agarwood. But then they stopped selling because the price was too low. Frankincense is not native to Japan, but they bought it from a very remote location. After that, the King bought Agarwood irrespective of price (Sejong 14, volume 3, page 421).
* King satisfied item: In 1493 (AD), many courtiers informed the king that Japanese merchants benefited greatly from the trade of Agarwood to Korea. The courtiers suggested that the King prohibit trade with the Japanese. King Seung-Jong replied: Except for Agarwood and Dryobalanop, all are forbidden to trade with Japanese people. With these two, they can be purchased regardless of price (Seung-Jong 25, volume 12, page 546).
* An expression of respect: In 1804 (AD) in the Insan Palace, someone offered the King 5 precious bracelets. But the King does not accept, only when he offers Agarwood, the King accepts. Moreover, aromatherapy has also been replaced by Agarwood (Soon-Jo, volume 47, p. 505).

* Prince's bracelet: In 1541 (AD), Prince Joong-Jong lost his agarwood bracelet. But this did not worry the Crown Prince because he knew that the thief would offer to sell the royal family and return to him because it was priceless. Yes, the bracelet was then returned to the Crown Prince (Joong-Jong 36, volume 18, page 442).
* The rarity of Agarwood: In 1524 (AD), Prime Minister Jen Kim became seriously ill and lost his mind several times a week. Then someone came over for a prescription called "Tram Huong Ha Qi" was requested to save the Prime Minister. However, he said that rare Agarwood could not be found at the market. After hearing this news, King Joong-Jong ordered Agarwood to treat the Prime Minister (Joong-Jong 18, volume 16, page 193).
* The King's Admired Agarwood Buddha: In 1458 (AD), King Se-Jo sent the handcrafted Buddhist Sutra to the Emperor of Japan. In a letter to Hoang De, the King wrote to send a statue of Agarwood Buddha to show his admiration (Sejo 3, volume 7, page 200).
* Beauty and residence: In 1615 (AD), beauty was described as the beauty of Agarwood. Also, the king's mansion was named after the word Agarwood (Kwang-hea, volume 32, page 402/466).
* Color of Agarwood: In Korea and China, Agarwood (dark green) color is widely used on King and Queen's clothes, and is also used to paint the King's mansion ( many places in Silok)
* Decoration: Agarwood is used as a treasure that the King bestowed upon his courtiers, such as belts, clothes, boxes and musical instruments.

3. FAMOUS IN CHINA

* In ancient China, rich people chose Agarwood as a coffin. According to the Three Kingdoms Dien Nghia, King Gwan Yu (the most prosperous period at that time) was deposed due to a conflict of power and succeeded by Cao Cao. At Guan Yu's request, Cao Cao made Agarwood coffin to hide Guan Yu (chapter 77).
* There is another chapter, in order to impart respect to Zhang Fei's death, Sun Quyen put Zhang Fei's head (also beheaded) in Agarwood coffin and sent to Liu Bei (chapter 83) .
* In Buddhism, the precious necklace of the monks is also made of Agarwood and the chain has 108 beads. There is a story telling about the spiritual value where the necklace of these soars. Cao monks wear bracelets and go around the country, whenever they see someone sick, they will take away a seed and use it to treat the disease. After crushing and drinking, the disease will recover. The monks' desire is to use up all the seeds before they are lost.

4. FLOWER IN THE BIBLE

There are five places in the Bible that refer to Agarwood and is called agarwood, in addition to using the term aloewood. Aloewood is used by saints as the name of Agarwood in the Bible (number 24: 6). Frankincense was used by the Egyptians to embalm corpses. Nicodemus used Agarwood powder to embalm the body of Christ (John 19:39); Frankincense is also used as a valuable fragrance mentioned in the Bible.
* John 19:39: And also Nicodemus, first came to Christ and brought with it a few dozen kilograms of powder that was a mixture of Agarwood and myrrh.
Numbers 24: 6: The valley stretches, like the gardens beside the river, as well as the agarwood tree planted by the Lord and also the cedar beside the lake.
* Proverbs 7:17: I was flavored with Agarwood, cinnamon and myrrh.
* Psalms 45: 8: Outside the castles, they smell Agarwood, glue and rosin that makes them happy.
* Soomon 4:14: Agarwood incense is a combination of Agarwood and myrrh which is the ultimate fragrance.

A. THE HISTORY OF TRAM HUONG IN VIETNAM:

I- TRAM HUONG NGUYEN IN NATURAL FORESTRY:

* Along with the history of development of our country, Tram Huong has been known by Vietnamese for more than two thousand years.
* Agarwood tree often grows scatteredly in the forest areas along the Central and Southern provinces, down to An Giang, Kien Giang and Phu Quoc Island, in some places with high density, reaching 120-150 trees / ha like Ba Ren (Quang Binh), Huong Khe (Ha Tinh). Distribution is most concentrated and highest in the provinces of Quang Ninh, Ha Bac, Hoa Binh, Tuyen Quang, Ha Tinh, Quang Binh, Quang Nam, Gia Lai, Kon Tum, Binh Dinh, Phu Yen and Kien Giang (Phu island). Quoc and Ha Tien).
* Excerpt from the article "The Museum of Agarwood, ever" by reporter HUỲNH VAN MY posted on Tuoi Tre Sunday:

THE ROOF

Agarwood trading history between the people exploiting - trading our country's Agarwood with foreign traders is indeed the golden pages, again is a regret for a good time. According to some documents, the Japanese as well as the Cao Ly (Korea) imported Agarwood from about two thousand years ago, and the Chinese were much earlier. Also according to some ancient texts, our Agarwood also follows the Maritime Silk Road to countries in the Middle East, which are countries with relatively early and strong demand for Agarwood. Since ancient times, Agarwood is considered the possession of the King of God and high-ranking mandarins because this is a remedy and an extremely valuable offering. But it is only when these superior herbs and aromatherapy become the needs of many people,

Putting aside the paths of our native Agarwood on these ancient documents, we can see how this number one forest product has been exploited - traded in the recent period of nearly two parts of a century. The narrative of the agarwood hunters still living in Quang - a region of rich Agarwood is known last in our country. Not restricted or banned by the authorities, the exploitation and trade of Agarwood in this period is still free. In the Central region - the key Agarwood region of our country - when Hoi An was no longer a commercial port, Dong Ba market in Hue was the most popular Agarwood wholesale market at that time. Agarwood-harvesters - for this market area hunt for agarwood from the forests of Quang Tri, Thua Thien, Hue, Quang Nam.
The total of Agarwood in our country took place in less than two decades - from the 80s to the mid-90s of the last century. In the midst of the difficult economic situation of people after the peace day, during that time, thousands of people have flocked to the forest to find and find bass both as a way of living and for the desire to change their lives. Not only looking for agarwood from the trunks lying litchi on the forest surface as before, in this period, hunters cut down any tree found to hunt for Agarwood. Demand for Agarwood from outside increased after decades of war in our country, people bought up to 4-5 kinds of agarwood and up to 6-type, which was previously sold as a steam bath. (burning) at a cheap price. With such scale, intensity and exploitation method,

II / HISTORY OF BIRTH FLOWER:

1- In the world:
Before the extinction of the Do Bau tree, scientists have put this tree in the red book of plants and made efforts to study the cultivation method of Agarwood :

a / Method of transplanting Agarwood of the World Academy (1999):
10-year-old Do Bau tree will transplant agarwood, repeated every 3-5 years.
Each year, transplanting Tram 01 times, transplanting for 3 consecutive years as follows:
+ The first year of transplanting to the West.
+ Second year of transplanting North direction.
+ Third year transplant East direction.
Each time using 50g of agarwood powder transplanted into the body, the same way as plant grafting. After 10 years of exploiting Agarwood, each tree obtained 4-6kg of Type IV Agarwood. If a special type of Agarwood is transplanted into Dó tree, it will receive Type II Agarwood.
Agarwood implantation method of the Academy takes quite a long time (20 years) to reach high quality Agarwood.

b / American Agarwood Transplanting Method and Tropical Rainforest Organization:
According to US Patent No. 20020194780, dated May 24, 2001, proposing to create artificial wound on the wood of the tree by drilling holes in the direction 1-10cm deep into the core (xylem) and ventilated by attaching a snorkel. In addition, a number of other methods have also been used additionally such as microbiological culture, chemical spray.
This solution was implemented by "Tropical Rain Forest" organization in An Giang and Phu Quoc in the project "Creating sediments in Vietnam", but it did not achieve the desired results. The product is only Tram Huong, containing a small amount of low-value essential oils, used to grind the powder to make incense, not for Tram Huong to be on the rank. (By Mr. Henry Heuveling Van Beek himself, Director of this organization confirmed, reported by reporter Nong Khac Y - Nguoi Lao Dong Newspaper, Monday 9-12-2002).

2- In Vietnam:
a / In the stage of exploiting forest resources to the ends with rare specialties, natural Agarwood in Do Bau tree, growing wild (1975-1992).
* During the war, Tram Huong was not exploited very little. Because of fear of bombs and bombs, people did not dare to enter the forest. At that time, Do Bau trees grew jostled together like sugarcane on Truong Son forest and other mountainous areas in our country from North to South, including on islands (Phu Quoc).
* After peace was restored, some poor people everywhere had sneakily rushed into the mountainous areas to steal the country's resources. Because of their immediate profit, they did not think deeply, only to take everything they could for their immediate livelihood. They have been bluntly cut down mercilessly rare forest trees, sawed Agarwood, dug up the roots to find it.
* Tram Huong is extremely precious, gathered in the trunk of Do Bau tree, a perennial (several decades old) with a very rare rate. In the thousands and rows of trees, there is a new tree with bass. If lucky enough to find Tram, people get rich quickly. If unfortunately, it takes a lot of work, some people have to die in sacred forests, poisonous water.
* At this time, Tram market in the central region had a fever, increased excitement, crowded with sellers and buyers. Tram floss facilities opened in many places in Quang, traders in different places rushed to buy agar and sell to Foreign Trade Company for export.
* Therefore, Tram Huong was searched intensely, the Do Bau tree in the primary forests was innocent and massively hunted and cut down. A series of forest trees were destroyed, cut down, cut cleanly in the campaign to sweep for Tram Huong. The forest is bleeding, the forest is pepper-cashew. Frankincense naturally decreased and then exhausted under the brutal exploitation of human hands.
* Due to inexperience, people have mercilessly cut down all the Dura trees that they met.
* The old gourd trees in the past are immensely green, playing a very important role in protecting the environment, preserving the ecology in our country, calling for help to despair, then fading, gradually disappearing. from absent in the forest.

b / The historic turning point with the primitive and dead Tram Huong - The tree of Do Bau was in danger of extinction - The people of Tram Huong were born.

In Vietnam: (1992-1997).
* In 1992, the Council of Ministers (Government) signed Decree No. 18, inscribing the name of Dandelion in the red book, belonging to group 1A, a rare and precious plant that needs to be strictly protected. To terminate the export of Tram Huong, prohibit illegal exploitation, transportation and trade of Tram Huong.
* This is the final period of the original Tram Huong in the history of Tram Huong Vietnam, after more than two thousand years of being famous, and being known and favored by many countries around the world.

* The method of agarwood transplantation by Nguyen Hoang Huy was most successful:
+ Research period (1990-1997):
Around 1990, extremely pained by the fact that many patches of green forest were wiped out, the Do Bau tree per thousand stood in danger of extinction and Tram Huong Vietnam with the forever deletion of its name on the world market, he Nguyen Hoang Huy went through the mountains and forests to find and uproot the young trees growing wild under the roots of the old Dó Bau trees that had been exploited from the roots and planted in the home garden.
* He cultivated Do Bau, mobilized some people to participate in planting Do Bau in Tien My commune, Tien Phuoc district - Quang Nam such as Mr. Vo Khe, Nguyen Quoc Trinh, Pham Huu Canh. Since then, Mr. Huy has drawn his own experience in the process of caring and nourishing plants.
+ Achievement stage (1997-2004):
* Agarwood tree people were born and stirred up the movement to plant Do Bau Tao Tram.
Through many days of thinking about the mechanism of producing agarwood in nature, Mr. Huy has searched and experimented with intentional effects, with catalysts created by him to stimulate the accumulation of agarwood resin. on the trunks that Do Bau can grow. Putting a number of catalysts (not harmful to the source of agarwood) into the hole drilled wounds on the trunk of Do Bau tree, after 2 years of transplanting, Mr. Huy obtained Type V, VI and even a few types of IV.
Tram Huong people were born with the initial success of Mr. Nguyen Hoang Huy's agar transplant, deserving to be named on the golden history page of Vietnamese Tram Huong history with many hardships. The savior of the Do Bau tree is Mr. Nguyen Hoang Huy, the first person to succeed in planting Do Bau tree in the home garden and cultivating the highest quality Tram Huong, opening a new era: Tram Huong people are born.

The initial success of Mr. Huy excited the local authorities and people and became known throughout the country.

In 1997, after improving the bass transplant method and improving the efficiency as expected, Mr. Huy began to announce his success to everyone. Reporter Huynh Van My in Quang Nam first wrote:
* Tien Phuoc - Tram Huong's new hometown in the journal Science and Life and SaiGon Times, July 1997.

Starting from his hometown in the Central region, Mr. Huy started to buy and preserve some of the remaining Do Bau Huong mother trees, nurse the seeds and propagate Dó, plant and mobilize local farmers to plant Do trees. Create Agarwood in the garden. The movement of planting Do Bau trees was spontaneously aroused by Mr. Huy and Quang Nam farmers to become a climax with each wave of Mr. Huy's artificial Tram Huong hitting the market, like earthquakes exploded and spread everywhere. .

Since then, there have been Quang Nam Television (2000), Ho Chi Minh City Television (2004) and Binh Duong Television Station.
(2004) made a reportage and about 20 newspapers wrote about the cultivation and exploitation of artificial Tram Huong from Do Bau trees planted by farmers from the cradle of Tram in Quang led by Huy. Mr. Nguyen Hoang Huy is the one who raised the first flag to plant Do Bau and Tram with great success nationwide.

In 2004, Mr. Huy and his associates officially established Do Bau Huong company, the artificial Tram Huong exhibition at the Vietnam International Agriculture Exhibition Fair at Phu Tho Sports Center, City. Ho Chi Minh City (September 23-29, 2004) and was awarded the Gold Medal of Dó Bau seedling.

b- Methods of cultivating Agarwood of a few scientists:

Many people think that transplanting "yeast" (found on the stem of the gourd tree growing in the forest) into the gourd trees brought back from the forest to plant.

* According to Prof. Dr. Tran Kim Quy (University of Natural Sciences of Ho Chi Minh City):
"The mechanism of producing agarwood in Do Bau tree is still a mystery." (Excerpted from Nguoi Lao Dong newspaper, Monday, December 2, 2002 by Reporter Nong Khac Y.) Prof. Dr. Tran Kim Quy has planted in Lam Dong more than 500 gourd trees.He himself went to the forest to get agarwood and isolated 6 varieties of yeast on the stem of the gourd tree. In fact, there are only 3 yeast varieties out of which are capable of producing agarwood. Although the number of gourd trees planted by GS_TS Tran Kim Quy is 8 years old, but only created "deep traces".

Facing this situation, Prof. Dr. Tran Kim Quy has tried to analyze agarwood essential oil to find the mechanism of creating agarwood in gourd plant and identified 15 flavoring substances in the composition of agarwood. From there, it is possible to provide the shortest way to grow gourd trees to create commodity agar (quality and quantity requirements). However, this requires a lot of basic research to be done and State investment can bring results. "

* According to Dr. Thai Thanh Luom (Deputy Director of Kien Department of Agriculture and Rural Development) Giang) .Application of agaric culture solution is to cultivate the fungus, nutrients, catalysts in the wound on the tree (in which the fungus is a fungus that grows in damaged doi trees isolated and cultured in the nutrient medium. the proper nutrition and catalyst play a role in the introduction of the phloem phloem.
However, this solution produces low quality Agarwood and a low probability of success.

c / The folk method of cultivating agarwood:
Some people, according to their thinking, experimented with culturing as follows:
- Piling iron stakes, or metal fragments pinned to tree trunks, wait many years if Agarwood agglomeration is then exploited .
- Someone also drilled holes in the trunk (not following a certain rule), then used some chemicals such as basalt, DEP or dilute acids
(Sulfuric Acid, Hydrochloric Acid), 3 Iron Chloride to stimulate the agglomeration of resin. However, the product is not much obtained and has toxic chemicals such as Cl, sulfur (S) in the product, so it is not popular and warns harmful to health. Agarwood production and quality of Agarwood depend on many factors such as strain, age, tree diameter, soil conditions, climate, agarwood transplanting methods, etc.

Vietnam is a country with a long tradition of mainly agriculture. Most farmers cling to the land, keep the village, have the virtue of industriousness, hard work, patience, overcoming many ups and downs of the country and not afraid of hardship and hardship. Therefore, agriculture is a very high social field, always cares about by the Party and the State and gives preferential mechanisms and policies to those who invest to help rural people's life develop in economic terms. medical as well as other things (culture, education, medicine etc ...).
However, because Vietnamese society has experienced many years of fierce war, building the country in peaceful times has encountered many difficulties. The State has to face with many extremely difficult problems during the period of government absorption and political stability.